Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42059877›Full record

ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2026

Locoregional lactate dehydrogenase inhibition potentiates therapy and overcomes treatment resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Daniel J Boehmler, Ryan J Baron, Jennifer A Brain, Ariful Islam, Yohan Kim, Alexey Gurevich, Nicholas R Perkons, Alexander I Zavriyev, Rudra Amin, Jessica Andrew-Udoh and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Daniel J BoehmlerPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3207-4883
Ryan J BaronPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4913-5101
Jennifer A BrainPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8590-6255
Ariful IslamPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3203-171
Yohan KimPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Alexey GurevichPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8031-2028
Nicholas R PerkonsPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4857-5375
Alexander I ZavriyevPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3383-0724
Rudra AminPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-3756-8753
Jessica Andrew-UdohPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Erena Tuzneen SupanPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ryan El GhazalPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5158-7663
Stephen J HuntPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6400-4321
George McClungPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-2593-8774
David TischfieldPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1338-2517
Daniel AckermanPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3466-5444
Aalim M WeljieInstitute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7145-4494
Kelley WeinfurtnerPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1506-232
Nicolas SkuliPenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1517-6917
Terence P F GadePenn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8783-0661

Funding

Targeting Ischemia-Induced Dependencies on the Metabolic Stress Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Image-Guided, Locoregional TherapyR01CA234005 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GADE, TERENCE P · 2019 to 2023
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA234005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsMetabolic inhibitors have demonstrated limited efficacy for cancer therapy due to metabolic plasticity and systemic toxicity. Locoregional therapies (LRT), such as transarterial embolization (TAE) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), generate ischemic stress that reprograms the tumor microenvironment (TME) toward glycolytic dependency, creating an opportunity to sensitize hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to metabolic inhibition. This study investigated whether pharmacologic inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with NCATS-SM1441 could exploit TAE-induced metabolic vulnerabilities to improve therapeutic efficacy in HCC. APPROACH AND

resultsHuman HCC cell lines were exposed to replete or ischemic (TAE-like) conditions and treated with the LDH inhibitor NCATS-SM1441. Glucose/lactate flux, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and viability were assessed. In vivo, a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat HCC model was treated with intra-arterial NCATS-SM1441, TAE, or their combination. Drug distribution, tumor metabolism, necrosis, and survival were analyzed using mass spectrometry imaging, histopathology, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and survival metrics. Ischemic conditions induced LDHA expression and glycolytic flux, enhancing susceptibility to LDH inhibition. The combination of intra-arterial NCATS-SM1441 before embolization increased intratumoral drug accumulation, reduced systemic exposure, and synergized with TAE to suppress lactate production, promote tumor necrosis, and significantly extend local progression-free survival.

conclusionsTAE conditions the TME to create a therapeutically targetable glycolytic dependency. Combining TAE with LDH inhibition overcomes key limitations of metabolic inhibitors as monotherapies, enhancing local control and survival with minimal systemic toxicity, supporting integration of metabolism-targeted agents with LRT for unresectable HCC.

Indexed as

cancer cell metabolismhepatocellular carcinomalactate dehydrogenaseliver cancerlocoregional therapymetabolic inhibitionTACE

Identifiers

PMID42059877
PMCPMC13417871

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.