ArticleJournal of nursing management2026
Second Victim Trauma Recovery Pathway of Emergency Nurses After Patient Safety Incidents: A Grounded Theory Study.
Article in Journal of nursing management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navigating Recovery After Medical Adverse Events: The Role of Social Support and Cognitive Reappraisal in Second Victims' Post-Traumatic Growth.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Second Victim Trauma Recovery Pathway of Emergency Nurses After Patient Safety Incidents: A Grounded Theory Study.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDrawing on Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory, this study systematically examined the internal mechanisms underlying trauma recovery among emergency nurses as secondary victims of patient safety incidents. A context-specific theoretical model was developed to provide empirical evidence to inform the design of targeted support strategies for nursing managers.
methodsA combination of purposive and theoretical sampling was used to recruit 18 frontline emergency nurses who had experienced patient safety incidents in the emergency department of a tertiary Grade A hospital in Chengdu between January and June 2025. Data were collected through semistructured, in-depth interviews. NVivo 12.0 was applied to conduct open, axial, and selective coding. Additional interviews were undertaken to confirm theoretical saturation.
resultsThe analysis yielded 68 initial categories, 22 subcategories, and 7 core categories. These findings informed the construction of a circular, dynamic theoretical model of trauma recovery comprising four sequential stages: trauma stress trigger, cognitive appraisal and emotional response, acquisition of intervention and support, and recovery reconstruction and career reorientation. Managerial support and proactive coping strategies emerged as key factors influencing trauma recovery.
conclusionTrauma recovery among emergency nurses as secondary victims of patient safety incidents represents a dynamic, cyclical process shaped by the interaction of individual, organizational, and contextual factors. Nursing managers can apply the stage-specific features of this model to establish a stratified and integrated support system, thereby improving psychological recovery, sustainable career development, emergency nursing management, and patient safety outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Emergency nursing managers should implement phased support strategies: immediate nonblaming crisis intervention with temporary duty adjustment during acute stress; structured psychological counseling and peer support groups during emotional processing; accessible three-tier support framework combining managerial, professional, and organizational resources; and career development opportunities transforming trauma into professional growth. These measures operationalize "just culture" principles, fostering nurses' well-being, team resilience, and patient safety.
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