Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42059388›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2026

A cross-sectional analysis of the vaginal microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis.

Marlyd E Mejia, Savannah Bowman, Jessica Lee, Ali El-Halwagi, Keshia Ferguson, Maryjo Maliekel, Yixuan Zhou, Camille Serchejian, Clare M Robertson, Mallory B Ballard and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Marlyd E MejiaDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Savannah BowmanSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Jessica LeeSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Ali El-HalwagiSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Keshia FergusonSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Maryjo MaliekelSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Yixuan ZhouSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Camille SerchejianDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Clare M RobertsonDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Mallory B BallardDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Lee B LuSection of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Sobia KhanSection of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Olubunmi O OladunjoyeSection of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Shixia HuangDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Sandeep K AgarwalSection of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Kathryn A PatrasDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2631-8810

Funding

Baylor College of MedicineBurroughs Wellcome Fund NGP10103NIH HHS AI157981NIH HHS AI167538NIH HHS DK128053NIH HHS GM136554
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human microbiota is implicated in the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Given the increased RA burden in women and well-known correlations between the vaginal microbiota and local inflammation, we seek to understand the vaginal microenvironment in the context of RA pathology. Self-collected vaginal swabs and questionnaires on dietary, menstrual, and health information were obtained from 36 RA and 50 demographically-matched control women, 18-63 years of age. Medication regimen, along with disease activity and severity, was captured for the RA cohort. Vaginal swabs were subjected to long-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing, multiplex cytokine analyses, and quantification of rheumatoid factor, C-reactive protein, and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). Vaginal microbial richness and

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidBacteriaMicrobiotaVaginaAdolescentAdultAnti-Citrullinated Protein AntibodiesC-Reactive ProteinCross-Sectional StudiesCytokinesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedRheumatoid FactorRNA, Ribosomal, 16SYoung AdultAnti-Citrullinated Protein AntibodiesC-Reactive ProteinCytokinesRheumatoid FactorRNA, Ribosomal, 16Srheumatoid arthritisvaginal cytokinesvaginal microbiome

Identifiers

PMID42059388
PMCPMC13227958

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.