Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42058919›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Music recognition based on diffractive neural networks.

Xingcen Ge, Zirui Feng, Qian Ma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xingcen GeCommunication University of China, Nanjing, China.
Zirui FengState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
Qian MaState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diffractive neural networks offer high-speed and energy-efficient computation for artificial intelligence hardware, yet their application to time-series signal processing remains underexplored. Here, we propose an electromagnetic diffractive neural network framework for music style and sentiment classification. Time-series audio signals are converted into log-Mel spectrograms and processed using a multilayer metasurface-based DNN. Experiments on the GTZAN dataset achieved classification accuracies of 90.3% for five genres and 96.33% for three genres. Furthermore, sentiment classification on the POP909 dataset achieved 90.56% accuracy. These results demonstrate that diffractive neural networks can effectively process time-series data and provide a promising hardware-efficient solution for intelligent signal processing in communication and sensing applications.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencecomputer scienceoptical signal processing

Identifiers

PMID42058919
PMCPMC13122232

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.