Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42058893›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Combination treatment with synthetic gRNA/Cas12a and gRNA/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins disrupts HIV replication and expression.

Puja Banik, Ling Wang, Madison Schank, Jaeden S Pyburn, Addison C Hill, Yi Zhang, Juan Zhao, Holly K Orfield, Tabitha O Leshaodo, Janet W Lightner and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Puja BanikCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Ling WangCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Madison SchankCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Jaeden S PyburnCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Addison C HillCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Yi ZhangCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Juan ZhaoCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Holly K OrfieldCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Tabitha O LeshaodoCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Janet W LightnerCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Xiao Y WuCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Shunbin NingCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Mohamed El GazzarCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Jonathan P MoormanCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Zhi Q YaoCenter of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Eradication of HIV is challenging because of the integration of proviral DNA in reservoir cells. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral effects of synthetic gRNA/Cas12a and gRNA/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) in HIV-infected T cells and demonstrated their specificity and efficacy in disrupting HIV gene replication and expression. Notably, sequential or combinatorial treatments with gRNA4/Cas9 and/or gRNA5/Cas12a RNPs elicited the most effective antiviral effect, with significant reduction in integrated proviral DNA, HIV mRNA, early and late reverse transcripts, and p24 protein levels. DNA sequencing revealed a high rate of insertion and deletion or knockout frequencies at the HIV target genes. Gene alignment analysis showed a high level of conservation with both gRNA4/Cas9 and gRNA5/Cas12a target sequences across diverse regional HIV strains, indicating their potential to target different HIV strains across the world. This study indicates that synthetic gRNA4/Cas9 and gRNA5/Cas12a RNPs can be used for HIV gene disruption and viral eradication.

Indexed as

Genetic engineeringImmunologyVirology

Identifiers

PMID42058893
PMCPMC13122203

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.