Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42058799›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of methodology2026

From understanding to agreement: The current state of informed consent in Nigerian endoscopic practice.

Kenechukwu C Okonkwo, Pantong Mark Davwar, Yusuf Musa, Matthew O Bojuwoye, Chinwe Philomena Onyia, Stella-Maris C Egboh, Shirley N Chukwurah, Emmanuel Obasi, Olutoyin I Asaolu, Winnifred N Adiri and 3 more

Abstract read
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Article in World journal of methodology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Kenechukwu C OkonkwoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owo 340108, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Pantong Mark DavwarDepartment of Internal Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos 930241, Plateau, Nigeria.
Yusuf MusaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina, Katsina 820101, Nigeria. yusuf.musa@npmcn.edu.ng.
Matthew O BojuwoyeDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin 241102, Kwara, Nigeria.
Chinwe Philomena OnyiaDepartment of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu 400001, Nigeria.
Stella-Maris C EgbohDepartment of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa 560231, Bayelsa, Nigeria.
Shirley N ChukwurahDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi 435101, Anambra, Nigeria.
Emmanuel ObasiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki 400101, Ebonyi, Nigeria.
Olutoyin I AsaoluDepartment of Internal Medicine, Evercare Hospital, Lekki 106104, Lagos, Nigeria.
Winnifred N AdiriDepartment of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu 400001, Nigeria.
Uchenna F OkekeDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port-Harcourt 500001, Rivers, Nigeria.
Nasiru Altine DankiriDepartment of Internal Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto 840101, Nigeria.
Chioma F UdigweDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi 435101, Anambra, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInformed consent is a cornerstone of ethical endoscopic practice, ensuring that patients understand and agree to the procedures that they undergo. Despite its importance, studies suggest that variations in consent practices persist. There is also a paucity of information on endoscopic consent practices in sub-Saharan Africa.

aimTo investigate current practices around consent taking among endoscopists in Nigeria.

methodsThis cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2024 among endoscopists practicing in Nigeria. The participants completed a 32-part self-administered online questionnaire that documented the experiences of endoscopists concerning consent taking in endoscopy practice. These included the location of practice, awareness of legislation concerning informed consent in Nigeria, patient autonomy, various procedural risks discussed with patients, and challenges faced. At the end of the survey, the responses were analyzed using tables, pie charts, and figures.

resultsA total of 68 participants responded to the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 45.2 ± 6.6 years. There were 26 (38.2%) females and 42 (61.8%) males. Participants practicing in the northern part of the country comprised 41.1% (30) of the participants, while those practicing in southern Nigeria were 58.9% (38). Only 49.3% were aware of legislation about informed consent in Nigeria. The majority of the study participants (69.1%) gave the patients a few minutes to digest information before the procedure. A variety of risks were reported to be discussed, with abdominal discomfort being the most common (83.8%). The challenge to adequate consent was inadequate time for consent taking due to high patient burden (60.6%).

conclusionConsent taking for endoscopy in Nigeria is not ideal; many healthcare workers only gave patients a few minutes to understand information about the procedure. To address this, training workshops and online webinars should be organized to train medical staff on how to do it properly. This will help improve patient care, ensure safety, and lead to better health results for patients.

Indexed as

Consent takingEndoscopyEthicalLegalNigeria

Identifiers

PMID42058799
PMCPMC13122010

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.