Force-sensing mobile microrobotic grippers for gentle and precise bioassembly of cell spheroids.

Aaron C Davis, Madison O'Brien, Iris Gong, Luis Solorio, David J Cappelleri

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in APL bioengineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aaron C DavisSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, 205 Gates Rd., West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9124-0303

Madison O'BrienWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4009-7831

Iris GongSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, 205 Gates Rd., West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA.

Luis SolorioWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-8728

David J CappelleriORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-0625

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents a wireless mobile microrobot gripper for the pick-and-place bioassembly of cell spheroids, which are crucial for tissue engineering. To address the risk of cellular damage during handling, this technology integrates real-time force sensing, enabling controlled manipulation of delicate biological materials. The microscale, untethered design allows for high maneuverability during the construction of complex, multi-spheroid constructs. Experimental results demonstrate the system's effectiveness in creating precise, heterogeneous patterns while maintaining high cell viability. This force-aware microrobotic platform overcomes a barrier in biofabrication, paving the way for the gentle and precise construction of complex tissue models for biomedical engineering.

Identifiers

PMID42058554

DOI10.1063/5.0304932

PMCPMC13124311

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.