Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42057441›Full record

Trial reportThe International journal of eating disorders2026

Examining Heterogeneity of Patient Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Binge-Eating Disorder Testing Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Lisdexamfetamine, Alone and Combined.

Sydney Yurkow, William P Bowman, Valentina Ivezaj, Carlos M Grilo

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The International journal of eating disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03924193 (Cognitive-Behavioral and Pharmacologic), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03924193 phase3completednot on this map

Cognitive-Behavioral and Pharmacologic (LDX) Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder and Obesity

TypeinterventionalSponsorYale UniversityRan2019 to 2023Enrolled141ConditionsBinge-Eating Disorder, ObesityArmsLisdexamfetamine Dimesylate, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Combination LDX and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sydney YurkowDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-4666
William P BowmanAstronomy Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4381-5245
Valentina IvezajDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-8040
Carlos M GriloDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0245-3444

Funding

Cognitive-Behavioral and Pharmacologic Treatment of Binge Eating DisorderR01DK114075 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GRILO, CARLOS M · 2018 to 2022
$3.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114075NIH HHS R01DK114075
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAlthough trials have documented the overall effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and lisdexamfetamine (LDX) for binge-eating disorder (BED), the nature and extent of individual patient variability in outcomes have not been examined. This secondary analysis of a controlled trial examined heterogeneity of outcomes with CBT and LDX, alone and combined, for BED.

methodsOne hundred and forty-one patients with BED with co-occurring obesity were randomized to CBT, LDX, or combined CBT+LDX 3-month treatments. Changes in binge-eating frequency, eating-disorder psychopathology, weight, and depression were repeatedly assessed. Outcomes were dichotomized as increased or decreased/no change, and differences between treatments were explored. Corset plots were used to examine changes in outcomes at the patient level.

resultsIn CBT, 94.4% (N = 34) patients reported decreased binge-eating frequency and 75.0% (N = 24) decreased eating-disorder psychopathology. In LDX, 90.5% (N = 38) reported decreased binge-eating frequency and 89.7% (N = 35) decreased eating-disorder psychopathology. In CBT+LDX, 100% (N = 44) reported improvements in binge eating and eating-disorder psychopathology. Patients not prescribed LDX had significantly fewer decreases in weight: in CBT, 55.6% (N = 20) had weight loss, compared to 92.9% (N = 39) in LDX and 81.3% (N = 4) in CBT+LDX. No differences in decreased depression scores were observed across treatments (80.0% (N = 28) in CBT; 89.2% (N = 33) in LDX; 86.1% (N = 38) in CBT+LDX).

conclusionFrequency of individual cases with increases in binge-eating, eating-disorder psychopathology, and depression were low in CBT and LDX treatments, and particularly so for the combined CBT+LDX approach. These participant-level findings add important clinical context regarding the significant overall improvements associated with CBT, LDX, and CBT+LDX for BED.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT03924193 (Cognitive-Behavioral and Pharmacologic (LDX) Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder and Obesity: Acute Treatment).

Indexed as

Binge-Eating DisorderCognitive Behavioral TherapyLisdexamfetamine DimesylateAdultCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityTreatment Effect HeterogeneityTreatment OutcomeLisdexamfetamine Dimesylatebinge‐eating disordercognitive behavioral therapyeating disorderlisdexamfetamineobesity

Identifiers

PMID42057441
PMCPMC13208112

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.