Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42057342›Full record

Trial reportJournal of diabetes research2026

Diabetes Management by Ayurvedic Practitioners Using a Clinical Guideline Versus Usual Practice: A Feasibility Cluster Randomized Trial in Nepal.

Kaushik Chattopadhyay, Shristi Karki, Haiquan Wang, Prerok Regmi, Pradip Gyanwali, Vasudev Upadhyay, Michael Heinrich, Bihungum Bista, Nikhil Tandon, Sanjay Kinra and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of diabetes research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05259735 (A Clinical Guideline-based Management of Type-2 Diabetes by Ayurvedic Practitioners in Nepal), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05259735 nacompletednot on this map

A Clinical Guideline-based Management of Type-2 Diabetes by Ayurvedic Practitioners in Nepal: a Feasibility Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorNepal Health Research CouncilRan2022 to 2024Enrolled121ConditionsDiabetes, Type2Diabetes, Diabetes MellitusArmsClinical Guideline based Management, Comparator
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kaushik ChattopadhyayLifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8168
Shristi KarkiNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal, nhrc.org.np.
Haiquan WangSchool of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China, sus.edu.cn.
Prerok RegmiNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal, nhrc.org.np.
Pradip GyanwaliNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal, nhrc.org.np.
Vasudev UpadhyayDepartment of Ayurveda and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal, mohp.gov.np.
Michael HeinrichCentre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK, ucl.ac.uk.
Bihungum BistaNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal, nhrc.org.np.
Nikhil TandonDepartment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, aiims.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-1986
Sanjay KinraDepartment of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK, lshtm.ac.uk.
Sheila Margaret GreenfieldInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, birmingham.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-4114
Tuhin Kanti BiswasDepartment of Kayachikitsa, J.B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.
Panniyammakal JeemonSree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India, sctimst.ac.in.
Jo Leonardi-BeeLifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, nottingham.ac.uk.
Sarah Anne LewisLifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, nottingham.ac.uk.
Meghnath DhimalNepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal, nhrc.org.np.

Funding

Medical Research CouncilWellcome MR/T003537/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent in Nepal, with many seeking primary care through Ayurveda, a widely practiced traditional system. However, concerns exist about suboptimal care and variability in clinical practice among Ayurvedic practitioners. No evidence-based clinical practice guideline (EB-CPG) is available for managing T2DM. Therefore, an EB-CPG was developed, and a feasibility study was conducted to inform a future cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing whether EB-CPG improves T2DM management compared with usual practice.

methodsA two-arm feasibility cluster RCT was conducted in Ayurveda centers. Centers were randomized (1:1) by an independent statistician. Adults with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve T2DM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 6.5%-< 9% were recruited. Data collectors and the analyst were blinded to group allocation.

resultsFourteen Ayurveda centers were approached, all recruited (seven/group) and completed the study. One center withdrew and did not enroll participants. Of 151 potential participants, 121 (80%) were recruited (60 in intervention and 61 in control). Of those, 84% were followed up to 6 months (51/group). The median adherence score to EB-CPG among practitioners was 1-2 (partial to adequate adherence). The median (interquartile range) number of EB-CPG-recommended medicines not consumed by participants and days without consumption was 0 (0-10) and 0 (0-2.5), respectively. No serious adverse events occurred. Preliminary estimates suggest EB-CPG's beneficial effects on HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and health-related quality-of-life, though not statistically significant.

conclusionThis feasibility trial demonstrated successful recruitment, follow-up, and intervention adherence. A definitive trial is feasible to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness in T2DM management. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05259735; first posted on March 02, 2022.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Medicine, AyurvedicPractice Guidelines as TopicAdultBlood GlucoseFeasibility StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedNepalBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanAyurvedaclinical practice guidelineevidence-basedfeasibility trialmanagementNepaltype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42057342
PMCPMC13128970

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.