ArticleClinical endocrinology2026
Ethnicity, TSH-Receptor Antibody (TRAb) and Thyrotoxicosis Severity Are Determinants of Neutrophil Count in Newly Diagnosed Hyperthyroidism.
Article in Clinical endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveA retrospective cross-sectional analysis with an ethnicity-matched control cohort examining the relationship between free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism, and assessing the influence of ethnicity on ANC.
methodsAdults with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism between August 2020 to July 2025 and concurrently available FT4, TRAb and ANC were included. Graves' disease (GD) was defined by Roche Elecsys TRAb ≥ 1.75 IU/L. An ANCOVA tested main effects of TRAb and FT4 on ANC and their interaction. ANC was compared between GD and non-GD hyperthyroidism and with euthyroid controls, stratified by Asian, Black and White ethnicities.
resultsOf 237 individuals (152 GD, 85 non-GD), median [Q1-Q3] ANC was lower in GD (3.44 [2.67-4.64] × 10⁹/L) than non-GD (3.71 [2.92-5.12] × 10⁹/L; p = 0.045), and 9.9% and 3.5%, respectively, had low ANC < 2.0 × 10⁹/L. There was a significant TRAb and FT4 interaction for ANC (p < 0.001) with higher FT4 associated with lower ANC in patients with high TRAb, but not in TRAb-negative patients. In hyperthyroidism and controls, Black ethnicities had lower ANC and higher prevalence of low ANC compared to Asian or White ethnicities. In GD with a low ANC at diagnosis, ANC increased on average 1.14 × 10
conclusionsGraves' hyperthyroidism is associated with ANC decrease that is greatest when substantially high TRAb and FT4 coexist. ANC is further influenced by ethnicity. Mild neutropenia, particularly in ethnicities predisposed to benign ethnic neutropenia, should not delay antithyroid treatment.
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