Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42057092›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2026

Mastering molar mesialization: the role of attachment designs and tipping compensation in clear aligner therapy-a finite element analysis.

Fang Pei, Xinyu Wen, Xinqi Huang, Xiao Cen, Ying Jin, Zhihe Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fang PeiDepartment of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Xinyu WenDepartment of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Xinqi HuangDepartment of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Xiao CenDepartment of Temporomandibular joint, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Ying JinDepartment of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. jinying@scu.edu.cn.
Zhihe ZhaoDepartment of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. zhzhao@scu.edu.cn.

Funding

Align Research Grant Program 21H0922National Natural Science Foundation of China 32271416National Natural Science Foundation of China 81900981Research and Development Foundation of West China Hospital of Stomatology RD-02-202507Research and Develop Program, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University LCYJ-MS-202501Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province 2025ZNSFSC0751Technology Project of Sichuan Province 2022YFQ0002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTo investigate the effects of attachment design and compensation angulation on long-distance molar mesialization in clear aligner therapy (CAT).

methodsThe study used a dental model from an adult volunteer with missing first molar (M1), wherein the second and third molars (M2 and M3) required mesialization. Three attachment designs-horizontal rectangular (HA), single 45°(SA), and double 45°(DA)-were applied to the buccal surface of M2 to assess their influence on movement efficiency. Subsequently, distal tipping overcorrection angles of 0°, 0.5°, 1° and 1.5°were applied to M2 to assess their effect on tipping control. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to analyze displacement patterns and stress distribution.

resultsMesial tipping and transverse crown rotation of the M2 constituted the primary adverse outcomes during molar mesialization. The attachments effectively mitigated these undesirable movements, with the DA design demonstrating the highest efficacy, followed by the SA. For the SA design, a 1.5° distal compensation angle was required to may facilitate near-bodily movement. In contrast, the DA design may facilitate, near-bodily movement with only a 1° compensation angle.

conclusionLong-distance molar mesialization primarily results in the adverse effects of mesial tipping and transverse crown rotation in CAT. While attachments can mitigate these adverse effects, applying appropriate angular compensation is more effective in promoting bodily movement of the molars.

Indexed as

Mesial Movement of TeethMolarOrthodontic Appliance DesignTooth Movement TechniquesAdultFinite Element AnalysisHumansClear AlignerFinite Element AnalysisLong-Distance Mesial Molar MovementOvercorrection of compensation angle

Identifiers

PMID42057092
PMCPMC13326445

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.