Observational studyBMC anesthesiology2026
Intestinal microbiota dynamics in postoperative delirium following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: an observational study.
Observational study in BMC anesthesiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and it is associated with systemic inflammation and gut-brain axis dysregulation. This study investigated the intestinal microbiota dynamics in patients with POD undergoing CPB to identify microbiota-related biomarkers and associated mechanisms.
methodsThis observational study included 48 patients who underwent cardiac valve surgery with CPB. Faecal samples were collected preoperatively and postoperatively. POD was diagnosed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit and 3-minute Diagnostic Confusion Assessment Method within 7 days of surgery. The intestinal microbiota composition was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and the alpha/beta diversity, taxonomic groups, and functional pathways were then evaluated. Perioperative variables and microbiota differences between the POD and non-POD (NPOD) groups were evaluated.
resultsIn patients with POD, the postoperative intestinal microbiota exhibited reduced alpha diversity (e.g., observed amplicon sequence variants, P < 0.001) and altered beta diversity (unweighted or weighted UniFrac, P < 0.001) than those in preoperative samples. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size analysis identified 25 differentially expressed species that served as biomarkers (linear discriminant analysis score > 4). Preoperatively, no significant differences in the microbial communities were found between the POD and NPOD groups (unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.171; weighted UniFrac, P = 0.085). Postoperatively, patients with POD exhibited distinct beta diversity (unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.004; weighted UniFrac, P < 0.001), and Lactobacillaceae was identified as a protective biomarker. Further, CPB period was an independent risk factor for POD (Odds ratio, 1.06 [95% confidence intervals, 1.01-1.14]) .
conclusionThis study demonstrates significant alterations in the intestinal microbiota composition following cardiac valve surgery with CPB and reveals that Lactobacillaceae is a potential protective biomarker for POD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.