ArticleNursing open2026
Transformational Leadership and Nurse Job Performance Through Self-Efficacy in Chinese Tertiary Hospitals.
Article in Nursing open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimTo examine the associations among transformational leadership, nurse self-efficacy and job performance in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, China.
designA cross-sectional quantitative study guided by social cognitive theory and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model.
methodsUsing convenience sampling, registered nurses were recruited from three tertiary Grade-A public hospitals in Shanghai between September and November 2024. Eligibility criteria included holding a valid nurse licence, having at least 1 year of independent clinical experience, and being currently employed full-time. Of 675 invitations distributed, 460 valid responses were included in the final analysis. Validated instruments were used to measure transformational leadership, nurse self-efficacy and job performance. Data were analysed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0. Confirmatory factor analysis and covariance-based structural equation modelling were conducted using maximum likelihood estimation, and indirect effects were tested via bootstrapping with 5000 resamples.
resultsTransformational leadership was positively associated with nurse self-efficacy (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and job performance (β = 0.18, p < 0.001). Nurse self-efficacy was positively associated with job performance (β = 0.47, p < 0.001) and partially mediated the association between transformational leadership and job performance. The indirect effect was significant (β = 0.15, 95% CI [0.09, 0.21]) and accounted for 46.3% of the total effect. The final model demonstrated acceptable fit (CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.05).
conclusionAmong nurses in three Shanghai tertiary public hospitals, transformational leadership was associated with higher self-efficacy and better self-reported job performance and self-efficacy showed a statistically significant mediating role. Because the data were cross-sectional and based on single-source self-report, the findings should be interpreted as associational rather than causal. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.
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