Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42056483›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2026

Risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with an ICD code for ocular migraine.

Jacqueline K Shaia, Priya Shukla, Hayden Reed, David C Kaelber, Rishi P Singh, Katherine E Talcott

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jacqueline K ShaiaCase Western Reserve Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-669X
Priya ShuklaCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Hayden ReedCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2577-108X
David C KaelberDepartments of Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Rishi P SinghCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Katherine E TalcottCenter for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. talcotk@ccf.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0458-4181

Funding

Cole Eye Institute Vision Science Training ProgramT32EY024236 · NEI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI ANAND-APTE, BELA · 2015 to 2025
$1.0M
NEI NIH HHS T32 EY024236Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) P30EY025585(BA-A)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is unknown if ocular migraine patients have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. This study aimed to determine if cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events were elevated among those with ocular migraine compared to controls.

methodsThis cohort study utilised a platform of aggregate, de-identified electronic health record data to identify patients with a diagnostic code for ocular migraine based on ICD codes (n = 21,949). Ocular migraine patients were compared to ophthalmology (n = 1,492,348), migraine with aura (MA) (n = 129,099) and migraine without aura (MO) controls. Cohorts were propensity score matched on current age, sex, race/ethnicity, diabetes, essential hypertension, lipoprotein disorders, atherosclerosis and body mass index. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. A risk ratio between 0.9 and 1.1 was considered not significant.

resultsCompared with ophthalmology controls ≥ 50 years old, patients with a diagnostic code ocular migraine had an increased risk of all outcomes, with a risk ratio of 1.48 (95% CI 1.33, 1.64), transient ischemic stroke 2.68 (2.20, 3.27) and cerebral infarct 1.81 (1.55, 2.10). These findings continued to be significant among the ≥ 65 years old cases and controls. Compared to patients with MA or MO, patients had a comparable risk of all outcomes (p > 0.05).

conclusionPatients with a diagnostic code for ocular migraine ≥ 50 years old had a 48% increased risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular outcomes, compared to ophthalmology controls. Future retrospective and prospective cohort analyses are needed to further verify these findings.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCerebrovascular DisordersMigraine DisordersMigraine with AuraAdultAgedFemaleHumansInternational Classification of DiseasesMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID42056483
PMCPMC13341769

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.