The first chromosomal level genome assembly and annotation of Pareuchiloglanis anteanalis.

Pareuchiloglanis anteanalis belonging to the genus Pareuchiloglanis, within the family Sisoridae (order Siluriformes), is a group of small benthic-dwelling freshwater fishes adapted to alpine canyon environments characterized by steep slopes, rapid currents, and marked seasonal fluctuations in water discharge between dry and flood periods. This species is primarily distributed in the Jinsha River, Dadu River, and Bailong River, all located within the upper reaches of the Yangtze River drainage. In this research, through the integration of PacBio HiFi long read sequencing and Hi-C (high-throughput chromatin capture) technology, we generated a high-quality chromosome-level genome of the P. anteanalis. The assembly yielded a genome of 873.97 Mb, with a scaffold N50 length of 50.12 Mb, covering 98.59% of the contig-level genome, were accurately mapped onto 18 chromosomes by using Hi-C data. The BUSCO analysis indicated that the completeness of the genome assembly and the annotation both reached 93.3% and 93.4%, respectively. This high-quality genomic resource provides a solid foundation for deciphering genome architecture and functional elements, thereby enabling deeper investigations into the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation in P. anteanalis. Moreover, it offers valuable support for resource conservation, artificial propagation, and selective breeding of this native species.