Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42055901›Full record

ArticleDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2026

Mechanical properties and antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans biofilms of novel bioactive tooth root coatings in tooth-brushing simulation.

Nader Almutairi, Mohammad Alenizy, Ibrahim Ba-Armah, Heba Alqarni, Yazeed Altamimi, Ayman Altamimi, Dwayne D Arola, Mary Anne S Melo, Emily Chu, Jirun Sun and 2 more

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Article in Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nader AlmutairiDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Mohammad AlenizyDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55475, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Ibrahim Ba-ArmahDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Heba AlqarniDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Yazeed AltamimiDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55475, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Ayman AltamimiDental Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Hail, Hail 55475, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Dwayne D ArolaMaterials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Mary Anne S MeloDepartment of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Emily ChuDepartment of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Jirun SunThe ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address: jsun@forsyth.org.
Michael D WeirDepartment of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: michael.weir@umaryland.edu.
Hockin H K XuDepartment of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: HXu2@umaryland.edu.

Funding

Virtual Twin-Powered Rapid Development of Bioactive Multifunctional Dental RestorativesRM1DE034233 · NIDCR · ADA FORSYTH INSTITUTE, INC. · PI Felicitas B Bidlack, Leyla Mirmomen · 2024 to 2026
$3.8M
Hydrolysis-resistant resin networks for durable and multifunctional dental restorationsR01DE033442 · NIDCR · ADA FORSYTH INSTITUTE, INC. · PI Jirun Sun, HUAKUN XU · 2024 to 2026
$1.4M
"Acquisition of a Multi-functional Cryo Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)"S10OD030274 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI JABRA-RIZK, MARY ANN Y · 2021 to 2021
$855k
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE033442NIDCR NIH HHS RM1 DE034233NIH HHS S10 OD030274
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aging population is retaining more natural teeth, increasing the prevalence of exposed root surfaces. These surfaces are prone to abrasion, erosion, and biofilm accumulation, leading to tissue loss, hypersensitivity, and root caries. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the surface and mechanical properties of experimental resin coatings containing dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) following simulated toothbrushing, and (2) assess their antibacterial efficacy and protective effects compared with commercial controls.

methodsExperimental groups with urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA)/ triethylene glycol divinylbenzyl ether (TEGDVBE)+ 5% DMAHDM+ 10% (EX1) or 20% NACP (EX2), along with commercial controls (Seal&Protect and Vanish XT), were tested. Sound and artificially-demineralized dentin served as controls. Hardness, surface roughness, surface loss, and water contact angle were assessed before and after 10,000 brushing cycles. Additionally, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm colony-forming units (CFU) was measured, and surface morphology was evaluated using SEM.

resultsEX2 and Seal&Protect had similar hardness (0.12 ± 0.01)GPa (n = 5, p > 0.05), while the hardness values of EX1 and demineralized dentin were lower (0.09 ± 0.01)GPa and (0.07 ± 0.01)GPa (p < 0.05). After 10,000 cycles of brushing, EX1, EX2, and Seal&Protect maintained smooth surfaces (R SIGNIFICANCE: The DMAHDM-NACP UDMA/TEGDVBE resin coating demonstrated surface and mechanical properties comparable to Seal&Protect and superior surface stability compared to Vanish XT, while achieving potent antibacterial activity not observed in either commercial control. These findings indicate strong potential for this multifunctional resin coating to protect tooth root dentin via physical shielding and sustained antibacterial performance.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsCalcium PhosphatesCoated Materials, BiocompatibleMethacrylatesStreptococcus mutansToothbrushingTooth RootHardnessHumansMaterials TestingMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningPolyethylene GlycolsPolyurethanesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsSurface Propertiesamorphous calcium phosphateAnti-Bacterial AgentsCalcium PhosphatesCoated Materials, Biocompatibledimethylaminododecyl methacrylateMethacrylatesPolyethylene GlycolsPolyurethanesQuaternary Ammonium Compoundsurethane dimethacrylate luting resinAntibacterial ResinCoatingRoot cariesToothbrushingWear

Identifiers

PMID42055901
PMCPMC13195727

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.