Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42055803›Full record

ReviewPractical neurology2026

Suspected encephalitis in adults.

Abdusshakur Muhammad Auwal, Rachael Matthews, Callum Cook, Brendan Sargent, Ava Easton, Stephen T J Ray, Mark Alexander Ellul, Benedict D Michael

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Practical neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Abdusshakur Muhammad AuwalInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK a.auwal@liverpool.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-5485
Rachael MatthewsInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Callum CookInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-4982-066X
Brendan SargentLiverpool Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Centre, Liverpool, UK.
Ava EastonInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1739-2915
Stephen T J RayLiverpool Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Centre, Liverpool, UK.
Mark Alexander Ellul *Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-8245
Benedict D Michael *Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

'Query encephalitis' is one of the most common reasons for inpatient neurology referral in the context of an acutely confused patient. Growing evidence suggests that time to treatment is a key determinant of outcome in both infectious and autoimmune encephalitis; hence, these two causes should be considered simultaneously at presentation. However, under-recognition and the existence of several mimics make a rapid diagnosis of encephalitis challenging. Appreciation of clinical syndromes can guide aetiological investigation and consequent treatment. In this article, we discuss clinical phenotypes associated with both infectious and autoimmune encephalitis, as well as a systematic approach to their investigation and up-to-date treatment strategies. We also highlight ongoing areas of research, such as metagenomics and therapeutic trials.

Indexed as

EncephalitisAdultDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansCLINICAL NEUROLOGYINFECTIOUS DISEASESPSYCHIATRY

Identifiers

PMID42055803
PMCPMC13638281

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.