Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42054975›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2026

Neonatal brain activity across sleep states: Evidence from resting EEG and auditory event-related potentials.

Huiyu Yang, Ran Liu, Katrina R Simon, Lissete A Gimenez, Maureen E Bowers, Nicolò Pini, Stephanie C Leach, Leilani Salas, Lauren C Shuffrey, William P Fifer and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Huiyu YangDepartment of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Ran LiuInstitute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Katrina R SimonDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Lissete A GimenezSteinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
Maureen E BowersThe Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington DC, United States.
Nicolò PiniDivision of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States.
Stephanie C LeachDepartment of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, IA, United States.
Leilani SalasDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Lauren C ShuffreyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
William P FiferDivision of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States.
Julie HerbstmanDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
Nathan A FoxNeuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
Amy E MargolisDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health and the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: Amy.Margolis@osumc.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The collection of electroencephalography (EEG) data in neonates typically occurs during sleep. EEG activity is highly sleep-state dependent, therefore differentiating between states during data processing can provide important insights into neurodevelopment. Despite this, there have been a paucity of studies directly comparing how infant EEG data, especially event-related potentials, differ between these sleep states. Here, we adapted the Maryland Analysis of Developmental EEG pipeline (MADE) to integrate sleep-state coding into its automated preprocessing pipeline. We recorded EEG in 102 sleeping one month old infants and evaluated their responses during a resting state and during a three-stimuli auditory oddball paradigm. Examination of resting-state power revealed significant differences between two sleep states, namely active (AS) and quiet (QS) sleep across all frequency bands in both absolute and relative power. For the auditory oddball paradigm, we computed responses to both standard and deviant tones and then created a difference score reflecting the Mismatch Response (MMR). For the novel tones we examined the evoked response (P300). Results revealed for the MMR, a significant electrode cluster by sleep-state interaction (F = 5.36, p = .01), indicating that the MMR was present at all three electrode clusters during AS (p-values <.05), but only at the frontal cluster during QS (t = 2.05, p = .04). There were no differences in the amplitude of the P300 to the novel sound as a function of sleep state.

Indexed as

BrainEvoked Potentials, AuditorySleepAcoustic StimulationElectroencephalographyFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleAuditory oddballEEG pipelineEvent-related potentialsInfant attentionSleep EEG

Identifiers

PMID42054975
PMCPMC13141766

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.