ArticleScience translational medicine2026
Local B cell immunity and durable memory after live-attenuated influenza intranasal vaccination of humans.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Influenza.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Harnessing mucosal immunity for protective vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Coordinated immune-epithelial dynamics in the nasal epithelium protect against respiratory virus infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Nasal humoral immunity: the first line of protection against respiratory pathogens.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- Article
- T-Cell Epitope-Based SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccine Encoding an Antigen Fused with Type 1 Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D (gD).Viruses · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines are most frequently delivered as intramuscular inactivated vaccines, which elicit systemic responses against the immunodominant hemagglutinin (HA) head domain. An intranasally administered, live-attenuated influenza vaccine designed to stimulate mucosal immunity, FluMist, is the sole intranasal vaccine approved in the United States. However, FluMist has lower systemic immunogenicity and efficacy in adults compared with intramuscular formulations. In this study, human mucosal and systemic immunity were examined after seasonal intramuscular or intranasal vaccination. Nasopharyngeal swabs of adenoid tissue were used to longitudinally sample the upper airway. FluMist induced substantial increases in upper respiratory tract IgG
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.