Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42053968›Full record

ArticleActa neurologica Belgica2026

Indirect revascularization in Moyamoya vasculopathy: clinical and radiological outcomes of multiple burr hole surgery.

Vincent Raymaekers, Maarten Vanloon, Maurits Voormolen, Thijs Van der Zijden, Caroline Loos, Tomas Menovsky

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Article in Acta neurologica Belgica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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6 authors.

Vincent RaymaekersDepartment of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium. Vincent.raymaekers@uza.be.
Maarten VanloonFaculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Maurits VoormolenDepartment of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
Thijs Van der ZijdenDepartment of Radiology, Klina General hospital, Brasschaat, Belgium.
Caroline LoosResearch Group on Translational NeuroSciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Tomas MenovskyDepartment of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeMoyamoya vasculopathy is a progressive cerebrovascular disease characterized by stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, leading to chronic cerebral ischemia. Indirect revascularization techniques, such as multiple burr hole surgery, aim to promote collateral vessel formation and improve cerebral perfusion. This study evaluates the clinical and radiological outcomes of multiple burr hole surgery in a diverse Belgian patient population with Moyamoya vasculopathy.

methodsA retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted, including 15 patients (22 hemispheres) who underwent multiple burr hole surgery between 2007 and 2024. Clinical outcomes, stroke recurrence, and magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion parameters—relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and relative time to peak (rTTP)—were analyzed pre- and postoperatively in five predefined brain regions. Of the 22 hemispheres, raw MR perfusion data were available in 11 (50%), limiting subgroup analyses and statistical power.

resultsPostoperative MR perfusion imaging demonstrated significant improvements in rCBV and rTTP in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes of surgically treated hemispheres (p < 0.05) after a median follow-up of 21 months. No significant changes were observed in deep brain structures (thalamus and basal ganglia) or the contralateral hemisphere. Clinically, one patient experienced a recurrent ischemic stroke during follow-up. One patient developed transient postoperative paresthesia, and one patient suffered fatal cerebral edema.

conclusionMultiple burr hole surgery has the potential to be an effective technique for enhancing cerebral perfusion in selected patients with Moyamoya vasculopathy. The observed improvements in superficial cortical perfusion support its role as an alternative to direct revascularization in selected cases. Future long-term follow-up studies are essential to assess sustained benefits and refine patient selection criteria for indirect revascularization.

Indexed as

Cerebral RevascularizationMoyamoya DiseaseTrephiningAdolescentAdultCerebrovascular CirculationCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedPerfusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultCerebral blood flowIndirect revascularizationMagnetic resonance perfusion imagingMoyamoya vasculopathyMultiple burr hole surgery

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.