Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42053294›Full record

ArticleCurrent protocols2026

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Workflow for Comparative Analysis of Nanobody Variants Binding to Lysozyme as a Model Ligand.

Escarlet Díaz-Galicia, Nicoleta Gutu, Yuli Peng, Almira Valitova, Dominik Renn, Magnus Rueping

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Current protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Escarlet Díaz-GaliciaKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Nicoleta GutuKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Yuli PengKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Almira ValitovaKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Dominik RennKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Magnus RuepingKAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Division of Physical Sciences & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Funding

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developing protein interaction-based technologies such as biosensors requires a clear understanding of receptor-target kinetics. Nanobodies, which are camelid-derived single-domain antibodies, are ideal biosensor receptors due to their high specificity, stability, and ease of production. During biosensor development, multiple nanobody variants are often tested against the same target to identify the best binders. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a robust, label-free method for measuring these interactions, but its many experimental variables can complicate the establishment of a streamlined protocol specially for non-high-throughput instruments. Here, we present an SPR workflow that enables the comparative analysis of nanobody variants binding to lysozyme as a model target on a Biacore T100 instrument. These protocols cover the steps from protein expression and purification to final affinity ranking. © 2026 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Expression and purification of lysozyme-specific nanobodies Support Protocol 1: Protein identification Basic Protocol 2: SPR workflow for the characterization of nanobody variants Support Protocol 2: SPR planning and assay development.

Indexed as

MuramidaseSingle-Domain AntibodiesSurface Plasmon ResonanceAnimalsLigandsProtein BindingWorkflowLigandsMuramidaseSingle-Domain Antibodiesnanobodyprotein–protein interactionsingle‐domain antibodysurface plasmon resonance (SPR)VHH

Identifiers

PMID42053294
PMCPMC13127243

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.