Trial reportRevista de neurologia2026
Implementation of a Program to Enhance Cognitive Reserve in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis (EM Reserva Program).
Trial report in Revista de neurologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05546424 (EMRESERVA A Program to Enhace Cognitive Reserve in Patients With Multiple Scleorisis), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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EMRESERVA A Program to Enhace Cognitive Reserve in Patients With Multiple Scleorisis
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive reserve (CR) may help mitigate cognitive decline in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS); however, few interventions have targeted CR enhancement, and none have focused on individuals without baseline cognitive impairment. The EM Reserva program is a multimodal intervention that combines cognitive leisure activities, aerobic exercise, and structured social engagement and is designed to strengthen CR in individuals with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
methodsThis pragmatic, single-center, observer-blinded randomized controlled trial included PwMS aged 18-55 years with RRMS and no cognitive impairment. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the EM Reserva program or usual cognitive care. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 6-month and 12-month time points. The primary endpoint was the change in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included additional neuropsychological measures, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale-5 (MFIS-5), Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-5 (PDQ-5), and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life‑54 (MSQOL-54). Analyses followed a modified intention-to-treat approach.
resultsForty-five participants completed follow-up. At 6 months, the EM Reserva group showed a significant improvement in SDMT scores compared with controls (mean difference -4.23,
conclusionThe EM Reserva program produced short-term improvements in processing speed and verbal fluency in cognitively preserved PwMS, along with sustained reductions in fatigue. However, cognitive benefits were not maintained at 12 months, and subjective cognitive functioning remained unchanged. These findings suggest that multimodal CR-oriented interventions may offer temporary cognitive advantages, but long-term maintenance strategies are likely required to sustain gains. CLINICAL
trial registrationNo: NCT05546424. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05546424.
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