ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2026
Plant Exosome Injections in Tongue Wounds: A Comparative Histological and Immunohistochemical Experimental Study.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Tongue tip wounds are challenging due to mechanical stress, vascularity, and microbial exposure. Although the 450-nm diode laser allows precise, minimally invasive incisions, strategies to enhance healing remain limited. Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles, have emerged as potent acellular mediators of tissue regeneration. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the histological and immunohistochemical effects of 2 commercial plant derived exosome formulations, Exoline and Glow, on the healing of 450-nm diode laser-induced incisions at the tongue tip in a rabbit model. Methods: A total of 108 New Zealand rabbits were randomized into 3 groups (control, Exoline, Glow; n = 36 each). Standardized linear incisions were created at the tongue tip with a 450-nm diode laser, followed by immediate injection of the assigned treatment at the wound site. Animals were euthanized at baseline, day 3, and day 7 (n = 12 per group per time point). Biopsies were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining to assess inflammation, epithelial regeneration, and collagen deposition, as well as CD31 immunohistochemistry to evaluate neovascularization. Results: Both plant-derived exosome formulations accelerated healing compared with controls. By day 7, Exoline-treated wounds exhibited significantly reduced inflammatory infiltrate, denser and more organized collagen bundles, more complete epithelial regeneration, and higher CD31 expression indicating enhanced angiogenesis compared with Glow. Conclusions: Plant-derived exosomes enhance healing of diode laser-induced tongue tip wounds, with Exoline producing superior histological and angiogenic outcomes. These results highlight Exoline's potential as an adjunctive therapy for functional oral soft tissue regeneration.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.