ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2026
Impact of AI-generated characters on visual attention and prefrontal cognitive responses across age and image type conditions: using fNIRS and eye-tracking.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Eye Tracking and AI-Generated Content: A Systematic Literature Review of Visual Attention, Cognitive Processing, and User Engagement.Journal of eye movement research · 2026Review
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3 authors.
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Abstract
With the rapid expansion of the digital environment, content employing Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Generated Characters has surged, underscoring the importance of establishing emotional rapport with users. This study employed an eye-tracker and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine differences in users' visual attention and prefrontal cognitive responses across age conditions and image type conditions, using objective physiological and behavioral metrics. This study recruited 24 healthy university students and presented 18 static facial images that combined six age conditions ranging from infant to elderly with three image type conditions comprising real, two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) representations. Visual attention was measured with an eye-tracker using total duration of fixations, average duration of fixations, number of fixations, and average pupil diameter, while prefrontal cognitive responses were recorded with fNIRS as changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration. When participants viewed images in the 3D condition, the middle-aged condition showed a significantly greater average pupil diameter than the other age conditions (
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