Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42052212›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in artificial intelligence2026

Application of an iterative generative AI-augmented teaching model in medical immunology education.

Yanli Niu, Jiajin Xu, Wenqi Yang, Hongmin Yuan, Zhonghua Liu, Weijuan Zhang, Lingyun Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yanli NiuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Jiajin XuSchool of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Wenqi YangSchool of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Hongmin YuanSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Zhonghua LiuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Weijuan ZhangSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Lingyun LiuSchool of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Immunology education faces persistent challenges, including abstract concepts, theory-practice disconnect, and delayed feedback. Generative AI offers opportunities, yet its integration into pedagogical frameworks remains underexplored. Methods: We developed an Iterative AI-Augmented Immunology Education (IAIE) model integrating generative AI with the 4C/ID model and cognitive load theory. A 12-week quasi-experimental study enrolled 177 medical undergraduates (experimental: n = 88; control: n = 89), with outcomes assessed using the Host-Pathogen Interactions Concept Inventory (HPI-CI) and a modified Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS). Results: The experimental group showed significantly greater knowledge mastery (82.7 vs. 70.1, Cohen's d =1.12) and clinical decision-making accuracy (+31.7%). Over 84% of students recognized AI's value in understanding complex mechanisms. Reflective practice scores indicated high levels of reflective ability, and DREEM assessments confirmed strong student acceptance of the learning environment. Discussion: The IAIE model effectively bridges theory and practice through AI-driven scaffolding that modulates cognitive load, fostering higher-order thinking and critical engagement with AI-generated content. This theory-informed framework offers a transferable approach for competency-based medical education.

Indexed as

clinical decision-makingfour-component instructional design (4C/ID)generative artificial intelligenceimmunology educationiterative teaching model

Identifiers

PMID42052212
PMCPMC13111372

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.