ArticleGeneral psychiatry2026
Dynamic trajectories of neuropsychiatric symptoms predict Alzheimer's disease risk and clinical phenotypes.
Article in General psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) may serve as early predictors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, NPS evolve over time, and most existing studies have relied on single or sparse assessments that do not capture clinically meaningful longitudinal patterns. Aims: To examine whether distinct trajectories of NPS are associated with the risk of incident AD, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Methods: NPS were assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire. We first characterised and compared the retrospective trajectories of NPS between 290 incident AD dementia cases and 74 healthy controls who remained free of dementia during 8 years of follow-up. Latent class growth modelling was then applied to identify NPS trajectories over the first 3 years among 982 people without dementia at baseline. Cox regression and linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the associations between NPS trajectories and incident AD risk, cognitive decline, brain atrophy and changes in brain metabolism during early (baseline to year 3) and later (years 3-8) follow-up periods. Interaction between NPS trajectories and Results: Compared to individuals who remained free of dementia, people who developed AD showed progressively increasing NPS levels prior to AD diagnosis ( Conclusions: NPS trajectories can predict AD risk, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, especially among
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