Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42051828›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis in a Postmenopausal Woman Mimicking Breast Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Georgia Xanthopoulou, Evangelos Solakis, Christos Barkolias, Kyriaki Theodorolea, Ilektra Spyrou, Nikolaos P Tasis

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Georgia XanthopoulouDepartment of Surgery, Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Evangelos SolakisDepartment of Surgery, 401 Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Christos BarkoliasDepartment of Surgery, Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Kyriaki TheodoroleaDepartment of Surgery, Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Ilektra SpyrouDepartment of Surgery, Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.
Nikolaos P TasisDepartment of Surgery, Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign inflammatory condition of the breast characterized by granulomatous inflammation affecting the lobular units. Clinically, it most commonly presents as a palpable breast mass with pain, erythema, or skin thickening, and may be accompanied by abscess formation or fistula development. Because these findings overlap significantly with those of breast carcinoma, the disease frequently poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. We report a case of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis in a postmenopausal, 55-year-old patient presenting with extensive inflammatory breast disease and imaging findings highly suspicious for malignancy. Core needle biopsy was negative, showing a discrepancy with the highly suspicious imaging and clinical characteristics, which led to operative management with lumpectomy.

Indexed as

breast cancergranulomatous lobular mastitisidiopathic granulomatous mastitis (igm)inflammatory diseases of the breastlobular mastitis

Identifiers

PMID42051828
PMCPMC13119482

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.