ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Real-world evidence on predictors of antimicrobial resistance among patients with chronic liver disease.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Chronic liver disease (CLD) predisposes patients to bacterial infections, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens posing significant challenges to clinical management and outcomes. Understanding the prevalence, resistance patterns, and predictors of MDR is essential for optimizing antimicrobial therapy. This study aimed to generate real-world evidence on the clinical, demographic, and healthcare-related predictors of antimicrobial resistance and to characterize local pathogen distribution and resistance patterns among patients with CLD in a tertiary care setting. Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study (February-August 2024) included adult patients with CLD and culture-positive bacterial infections from tertiary care hospitals in Coimbatore, India. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, including MIC50, MIC90, and trends, were analyzed using WHONET v5.6. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney Results: Among 317 patients with CLD, the mean age was 50.9 ± 10.4 years (median 50, IQR 44-59), and 83.9% were male. Single-organism infections accounted for 76.0%, and 56.5% were community-acquired. Discussion: MDR infections are highly prevalent among patients with CLD, predominantly driven by Gram-negative pathogens such as
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