ArticleCanadian medical education journal2026
Experienced or witnessed racism and microaggressions during medical education: an exploratory survey of medical learners at a large Canadian medical school.
Article in Canadian medical education journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in admissions: a critical qualitative inquiry on faculty leaders' perspectives on barriers and facilitators at a Canadian health sciences institution.Canadian medical education journal · 2026Article
- Experiences of racism of Black medical students and residents in Montréal: "I wear my stethoscope around my neck at all times".Canadian medical education journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: As institutions strive to incorporate Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, Indigeneity, and Accessibility (EDIIA) principles into their policies and curricula, various forms of discrimination persist within the medical education system. The objective of this study was to understand learner experiences related to racism, discrimination and microaggressions in a large Canadian medical school to ultimately inform future efforts to address issues identified. Methods: This survey-based study was distributed to all current medical students and residents at a large Canadian University. Questions focused on lived and witnessed experiences of microaggressions, discrimination or racism during medical education. We computed descriptive statistics and risk ratios for experienced or witnessed events. Results: The survey response rate was 12.4% (321/2579), with 26% of participants self-identifying as Black, Indigenous or People of Color (BIPOC). During medical education, 30% of respondents reported experiencing racism or microaggressions, while 51% reported witnessing these events. Attending physicians (31%) and patients/families (22%) were most likely to be identified as responsible. Common proposed solutions by respondents included: anonymous reporting systems, dedicated counsellors from BIPOC groups, education of healthcare professionals on microaggressions and discrimination and increased peer/faculty support. Conclusions: Among participants, this study described a high rate of witnessed or experienced racism or microaggressions during medical education, leading to local interventions to improve the psychological safety of learners.
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