Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42051234›Full record

SynthesisPalliative medicine2026

Dry mouth in palliative care: A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines around the world.

A I van der Meulen, A Stoppelenburg, M Theunissen, E J M de Nijs, M H J van den Beuken-van Everdingen, Y M van der Linden

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Palliative medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

A I van der MeulenCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1897-675X
A StoppelenburgCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6377-1599
M TheunissenCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1700-406X
E J M de NijsCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4563-9054
M H J van den Beuken-van EverdingenCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2446-2862
Y M van der LindenCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9003-6124

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDry mouth is a disruptive symptom in patients with life-limiting illnesses. It has one of the highest symptom burdens in palliative care and a significant impact on quality of life. Nonetheless, dry mouth remains an underacknowledged and undertreated symptom with limited evidence-based interventions.

aimTo examine the quality and content of guidelines for the treatment of dry mouth in patients with life-limiting illnesses.

designA systematic review of clinical practice guidelines was conducted (preregistered in PROSPERO in 2023). PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed. The search strategy involved 4 scientific databases and 9 guideline databases, targeted searches and stakeholder outreach for 183 countries/regions. Quality and content were analysed using the AGREE II instrument and directed content analysis, respectively. DATA SOURCES: Seventy-two clinical practice guidelines from 42 countries across 6 continents were included.

resultsOnly two guidelines were recommended for use based on the AGREE II quality appraisal. Four main themes emerged from the content analysis: (1) Assessment of dry mouth by medical history, oral examination and measuring instruments (

conclusionDespite differences in quality and comprehensiveness of guidelines for treatment of dry mouth in palliative care, many care practices are shared worldwide. This review highlights the need for methodologically robust guidelines with a strong evidence base that specifically focus on dry mouth.

Indexed as

Palliative CarePractice Guidelines as TopicXerostomiaHumansQuality of Lifefrailtypalliative carepractice guidelinexerostomia

Identifiers

PMID42051234
PMCPMC13323937

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.