Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42049844›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Hygrothermal ageing and mechanical degradation behaviour of alkali-treated sunn hemp fibre/bio-epoxy composites.

Babatunde Olatunbosun, Allan Manalo, Thiru Aravinthan, Guangnan Chen, Shanika Kiriella, Libo Yan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Babatunde OlatunbosunCentre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
Allan ManaloCentre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
Thiru AravinthanCentre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
Guangnan ChenSchool of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
Shanika KiriellaCentre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia. Shanika.Kiriella@unisq.edu.au.
Libo YanCentre for Light and Environmentally Friendly Hybrid Structures, Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The long-term durability of natural fibre-reinforced bio-composites under hygrothermal environments remains a major barrier to their deployment in building and construction. This study provides a methodical evaluation of the mechanical, viscoelastic, and chemical degradation mechanisms of bio-epoxy composites reinforced with alkali-treated sunn hemp fibres (SHFs) under accelerated hygrothermal ageing (60 °C, 98% RH, up to 3,000 h). Fibre modification was performed using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations of 6%, 8%, and 10% for 2 h to investigate the influence of treatment severity on durability. Moisture uptake followed Fickian diffusion behaviour, with the 8% NaOH condition exhibiting the lowest equilibrium moisture content (13.5%) due to controlled removal of amorphous constituents and improved fibre-matrix compatibility. While tensile and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) decreased with exposure time, a treatment-dependent trade-off was identified: 8% NaOH maximised initial mechanical performance, whereas 10% NaOH provided comparatively superior long-term strength retention. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated sustained viscoelastic stability, with the 8% system retaining a storage modulus of 7 GPa at ~ 25 °C (glassy region) and a glass transition temperature of 83 °C after prolonged exposure. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed moderated carbonyl development in optimally treated systems, linking chemical stability to mechanical retention. These results establish a conceptual framework describing the balance between interfacial strengthening and ageing resistance in SHF-reinforced bio-composites, offering predictive insights for service-life design in low-carbon construction applications.

Indexed as

Alkali treatmentBio-epoxy compositeHygrothermal ageingMechanical degradationMoisture absorptionSunn hemp fibre

Identifiers

PMID42049844
PMCPMC13315252

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.