Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42049482›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2026

Disparities in Hearing Screening Practices in Minnesota Elementary Schools.

Autefeh Sajjadi, Elizabeth Kim, Kathryn S Marcus, Soorya Todatry, Nicholas Hable, Brianne Roby, Abby C Meyer, Andrew Redmann, Hannah Herd, Rebecca Maher and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Autefeh SajjadiDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Elizabeth KimDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-6423
Kathryn S MarcusDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-5792
Soorya TodatryDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Nicholas HableDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Brianne RobyDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-3247
Abby C MeyerDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Andrew RedmannDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Hannah HerdLions Children's Hearing and Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Rebecca MaherChildren's Minnesota, Pediatric Audiology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Siva ChinnaduraiDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Amanda NickelChildren's Minnesota, Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Asitha JayawardenaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-8748

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIdentifying and addressing pediatric hearing loss is critical to supporting a child's development. School-based hearing screening is a mainstay of timely identification of hearing loss. The objectives of this study were to characterize the current hearing screening practices in public, charter, and private elementary schools in Minnesota.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional survey with data collected between March and June 2023. Surveys assessed the presence of standardized hearing screening processes and compliance with American Academy of Audiology (AAA) or Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) guidelines.

resultsAbout 146 public schools, 43 charter schools, and 60 private schools met inclusion criteria and responded to the survey. There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of standardized screening between school types (χ

conclusionThere is a lack of standardization in hearing screening processes in Minnesota elementary schools. Adherence to screening per AAA or MDH recommendations is low in all types of elementary schools. Charter and private schools were more likely than public schools to screen per AAA or MDH guidelines. Overall, our data demonstrate an opportunity for improvement in school-based hearing screening. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHearing LossHearing TestsMass ScreeningSchool Health ServicesSchoolsChildCross-Sectional StudiesGuideline AdherenceHumansMinnesotaPrivate Sectordisparitiesearly hearing identificationhearing screeningpediatric hearing loss

Identifiers

PMID42049482
PMCPMC13460717

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.