Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42047971›Full record

Trial reportStem cell reviews and reports2026

Autologous Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells Modulate Immunity and the Microbiota in Very Preterm Twins: A Randomized Trial.

Zhuxiao Ren, Chuan Nie, Fang Xu, Weiwei Gao, Shumei Yang, Jiangxue Han, Wei Wei, Sophie Y Yang, Qi Zhang, Jie Yang

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Stem cell reviews and reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05087498 (Effect of Autologous Cord Blood-mononuclear Cells Infusion on Immune Microenvironment in Infants Born Very Preterm in NICU), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05087498 phase1completednot on this map

Effect of Autologous Cord Blood-mononuclear Cells Infusion on Immune Microenvironment in Infants Born Very Preterm in NICU: a Randomized Controlled Trial -The Premature Autologous Cord-blood Immunomodulatory Study (PAIRS)

TypeinterventionalSponsorGuangdong Women and Children HospitalRan2021 to 2022Enrolled8ConditionsImmunomodulation EffectArmsautologous cord blood mononuclear cells, normal saline
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhuxiao Ren *Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. renzhx1990@163.com.
Chuan Nie *Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Fang Xu *Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Weiwei Gao *Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Shumei YangDepartment of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Jiangxue HanDepartment of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Wei WeiGuangdong Cord Blood Bank, Guangzhou, China.
Sophie Y YangDepartment pf Psychology, New York University, New York, 10012, US.
Qi ZhangDepartment of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Jie YangDepartment of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. jieyang0830@126.com.

Funding

Guangdong Natural Science Foundation 2024A1515010299
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDisrupted immunity and microbiota dysbiosis underlie the pathophysiology of preterm complications. This study investigated the effect of autologous cord blood (ACB)-mononuclear cells (MNCs) infusion, rich in stem cells, on immune microecology in very preterm infants (VPIs).

methodsOne twin from each enrolled very preterm monozygotic pair was randomized to receive an ACB-MNCs infusion or normal saline. Immune cells, inflammatory cytokine profiles, and gut/lung microbiota, were compared. Short- and long-term clinical outcomes were evaluated.

resultsACB-MNCs intervention induced transcriptional up-regulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation-facilitating genes and increased circulating Tregs. In blood, post-ACB-MNCs infusion, pro-inflammatory factors decreased, while the IL-10 level was higher than in the control group. In the ACB-MNCs group, lung microbial diversity increased significantly after intervention. Post-intervention, lung IL-10 and TGF-β increased in the ACB-MNCs group and were higher than the control group, while pro-inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-17 A, and IL-6 levels decreased in the ACB-MNCs group. In the ACB-MNCs group, gut microbial diversity improved and was more metabolically active after intervention. After intervention, mainly upregulated differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood immune cells were positively correlated with favored microbes colonizing the lung. Lung IL-10 correlated positively with blood Treg frequency, while lung IL-10 and TGF-β correlated negatively with blood IL-17A. The gut microbial diversity was negatively associated with blood IL-17A. Compared with control group, the total number of distinct preterm complications per patient in the ACB-MNCs group were fewer and long-term linear growth was better.

conclusionACB-MNCs intervention promoted immunity homeostasis via modulation of Treg and lung/gut microbiota.

trial registrationThis study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05087498). Date of registration: 10/09/2021; date of enrollment of the first participant to the trial:11/28/2021URL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05087498?term=NCT05087498&rank=1 .

Indexed as

Fetal BloodInfant, Extremely PrematureLeukocytes, MononuclearMicrobiotaCytokinesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornLungMaleT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryCytokinesAutologous cord blood mononuclear cellsImmunomodulationMicrobiotaMulti-omicVery preterm infants

Identifiers

PMID42047971

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.