ArticlePsychological medicine2026
Distinct and common subcortical functional connectivity revealed across three major psychiatric disorders.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
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- Distinct and common subcortical functional connectivity revealed across three major psychiatric disorders - CORRIGENDUM.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSubcortical nuclei - including the thalamus, basal ganglia, and hippocampus-amygdala complex - are key regions in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). While cortical-subcortical connectivity is well studied, fine intra- and inter-subcortical patterns are less known. This study aimed to identify shared and distinct functional connectivity alterations across SZ, BD, and MDD using a high-resolution subcortical atlas.
methodsResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 800 participants (200 per group: SZ, BD, MDD, and healthy controls) in a single-site cohort were analyzed. Subcortical structures were parcellated into 27 regions per hemisphere - thalamus (8 regions), hippocampus (5 regions), amygdala (2 regions), and striatum (12 regions) - based on the a priori atlas. Pairwise functional connectivity among the 54 regions was computed for each participant, and group differences were assessed using general linear models.
resultsPatients with SZ exhibited significantly reduced intra-thalamic connectivity and increased intra-striatal connectivity, as well as enhanced connectivity between the thalamus, striatum, and limbic regions. Patients with BD showed reduced intra-thalamic and intra-striatal connectivity, along with decreased thalamus-amygdala and thalamus-striatum connectivity. In MDD, the predominant finding was reduced intra-limbic connectivity, accompanied by mild reductions in intra-thalamic and striatum-limbic connectivity.
conclusionThe results suggest that intra-thalamic hypoconnectivity appears common to SZ, BD, and MDD, with graded degrees of severity. In contrast, distinct alterations in intra-striatal and striatum-limbic connectivity may differentiate mood disorders from SZ. These shared and disorder-specific subcortical connectivity patterns enhance the understanding of psychiatric neurobiology and may guide the development of targeted, disorder-tailored interventions.
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