ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Preclinical Nanoparticle Approaches Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Breast Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Nanomedicine-Based Strategies Targeting Macrophage Polarization in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: An Updated Review.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key mediators in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), contributing to poor prognosis and reducing immunotherapy efficacy. This review examines the dual roles of TAMs in breast cancer progression. TAMs are known to promote tumor development through angiogenesis, immune evasion, and metastasis, while M1-polarized TAMs conversely enhance antitumor immunity. Herein, the nanoparticle-based strategies targeting TAMs presented in preclinical research are explored, including reprogramming M2 to M1 macrophages, delivering MYC inhibitors, depleting TAMs, and inhibiting TAM recruitment. Integration with immune checkpoint inhibitors is also discussed. Challenges in translating these nanoparticle approaches from preclinical models to clinical practice are further addressed, with an emphasis placed on human-relevant models, optimized production processes, and personalized therapeutic approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.