ArticleCancer medicine2026
STEAP1 Suppresses Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling and EMT.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the expression and biological behaviour of the six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to further analyse its underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND
methodsWestern blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect protein expression. After overexpression of STEAP1 in OSCC cells by plasmid transfection, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were assessed using CCK-8, scratch, and Transwell assays, respectively, and ROS levels were detected using the corresponding kits. Finally, the expression changes of EMT and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were analysed by Western blot.
resultWestern blot (WB) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses showed that STEAP1 was significantly underexpressed (p < 0.0001) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues and cell lines (SAS, Tca-8113, SCC15) compared to normal controls. Functional experiments showed that overexpression of STEAP1 effectively inhibited the proliferation (p < 0.001), migration (p < 0.0001), and invasion (p < 0.001) abilities of OSCC cells (SAS, Tca-8113) and reduced intracellular ROS levels (p < 0.0001). Molecularly, STEAP1 overexpression up-regulated E-cadherin (p < 0.01) and down-regulated N-cadherin (p < 0.05), inhibiting the EMT process; meanwhile, it decreased the protein levels of β-catenin (p < 0.05), Axin2 (p < 0.05), and c-Myc (p < 0.05), as well as the protein levels of the p- GSK3β/T-GSK3β ratio (p < 0.05), but there was no significant change in total GSK3β protein, suggesting inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
conclusionSTEAP1 is downregulated in OSCC and suppresses malignant phenotypes of OSCC cells in vitro, with effects associated with EMT-related changes and attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin-associated signalling.
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