Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42045458›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Directions of green transformation with inclusion of institutional and inequality perspectives.

Rong Wang, Shahla Akram, Mehboob Ul Hassan, Muhammad Farrukh Shahzad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rong WangSchool of Marxism, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou, 510725, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. wangrong1102@gzmtu.edu.cn.
Shahla AkramDepartment of Economics, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, Pakistan. shahlaakram4@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3857-3950
Mehboob Ul HassanDepartment of Economics, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 7115, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. mehassan@ksu.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-695X
Muhammad Farrukh ShahzadCollege of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6578-4139

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Green transformation is increasingly recognised as an important pathway toward environmentally sustainable and socially inclusive development. However, countries differ in their ability to balance environmental performance, economic development, and institutional effectiveness. This study examines green transformation across countries, with a focus on institutional quality and socio-economic inequality. It develops a multidimensional composite index using entropy weighting and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The index includes 63 indicators grouped into six domains: environmental performance, natural assets, quality of life, policy responses, socio-economic context, and institutional capacity. Diagnostic tests, including the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin statistic and principal component analysis, support the suitability of the data. Ranking consistency across two periods (1990-2006 and 2007-2023) is assessed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, showing stable cross-country patterns. The findings indicate substantial variation in green transformation performance and point to the importance of institutional capacity, technological development, and inclusive policy frameworks in supporting sustainable transitions.

Indexed as

Entropy weightingGreen growth indexGreen transformationInequalityInstitutional frameworksTOPSIS method

Identifiers

PMID42045458
PMCPMC13284275

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.