Study on the bonding performance and micromechanism between alkali-activated mortar and rock.

Tianzuo Wang, Xuan Xu, Fei Xue, Xin Zhang, Peifeng Cheng, Huijun Kang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tianzuo WangState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.

Xuan XuState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.

Fei XueState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China. kdckxf@126.com.

Xin ZhangHuahui Engineering Design Group Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, 312000, China.

Peifeng ChengSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.

Huijun KangState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52104094National Post-Doctor Regulatory Commission 333795

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alkali-activated mortar (AAM) has emerged as a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for rock-based applications, yet its bonding behavior with rock remains underexplored. This study investigates the interfacial performance between AAM and sandstone through orthogonal experiments, Brazilian splitting tests, and microstructural analyses (SEM-EDS, XRD). Results show that binder formulation and mortar composition significantly affect bond strength: slag content dominates early-age bonding, while the binder-to-sand ratio controls long-term strength. The optimal mixture (80% slag, water-to-binder ratio 0.35, binder-to-sand ratio 1.5) achieved a 28-day bond strength of 2.67 MPa, surpassing the sandstone’s tensile strength (2.42 MPa). Failure mode shifted from interfacial debonding to cohesive fracture within sandstone, accompanied by a wider interfacial transition zone (ITZ), indicating enhanced physicochemical integration. These findings improve the scientific understanding of the bonding mechanism between AAM and rock and may provide useful implications for rock engineering applications.

Indexed as

Alkali-activated mortarBonding propertiesFailure modeInterfacial transition zoneOrthogonal experiment

Identifiers

PMID42045257

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-48531-1

PMCPMC13287624

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.