ReviewJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2026
Enhancing immune response in advanced HCC with PVTT: rivaroxaban as a core adjuvant in combined therapy.
Review in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Antibody-drug conjugates in breast cancer brain and leptomeningeal metastases: mechanistic insights and therapeutic progress.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the establishment of combined local and systemic therapy as the standard approach for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), its efficacy remains constrained by two primary challenges: the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and treatment resistance. Recent research shows that factor Xa (FXa) boosts programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor cells via the proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) pathways, aiding immune evasion. Rivaroxaban, an FXa inhibitor, prevents portal vein thrombosis and disrupts the FXa/PAR-2/PD-L1 axis, restoring T cell function. Based on this mechanism, we propose that incorporating rivaroxaban as a core adjuvant into a long-term, 'local-targeted-immune' multimodal strategy can spatiotemporally reprogram the TME in advanced HCC with PVTT. This approach has the potential to effectively overcome treatment resistance and achieve sustained disease control. The hypothesis is readily testable in clinical trials, and if substantiated, it could establish a new treatment paradigm aimed at improving the prognosis for this high-risk patient population. Furthermore, it would provide a robust theoretical rationale and practical guidance for advancing the treatment of advanced HCC with PVTT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.