Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42044327›Full record

ArticleJMIR nursing2026

Nursing Informaticians in Spain: Scoping Review and Expert-Validated Gap Analysis.

Adrián Marco-Moyano, Patricia Verdú Rodríguez, Manuel Lillo-Crespo

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Adrián Marco-MoyanoNursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Carr. de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n 965 90 34 00, San Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain, 34 681281259.ORCID 0000-0002-3774-2935
Patricia Verdú RodríguezNursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Carr. de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n 965 90 34 00, San Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain, 34 681281259.ORCID 0000-0003-0542-2379
Manuel Lillo-CrespoNursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Carr. de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n 965 90 34 00, San Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, 03690, Spain, 34 681281259.ORCID 0000-0003-2053-2808

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The role of nursing informaticians is well-established in countries like the United States, Canada, and Australia, supported by competency frameworks and educational programs that enable nurses to lead technological integration in health care. However, in Spain, this role is not formally recognized, and specialized university training is scarce, creating a significant gap in digital health leadership among nurses. Objective: The study aimed to analyze the international landscape of the nursing informatician role, comparatively focusing on the situation in Spain, to subsequently identify the specific gaps for its implementation through experts' views and insights. Methods: First, a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines was conducted in English and Spanish using scientific evidence searched in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science from 2018 to the present, as well as gray literature on the topic. A total of 55 published studies were included after screening 1356 records and 10 gray literature documents. Subsequently, findings were validated through a gap analysis comprising a panel of 10 experts selected according to their experience in digital literacy. Results: The review identified 6 core competencies for nursing informaticians: information management, cybersecurity, patient safety, evaluation and development of clinical information systems, leadership and coordination of digital tools, implementation of new technologies and specialized applications, and education and digitalization in health. Internationally, training is delivered via postgraduate programs, certifications, and leadership initiatives. Experts validated the relevance of these competencies for Spain (rated 5/5) and the applicability and desirability of implementing training programs (rated 4.8/5). Key barriers identified were the lack of official recognition, scarce training, and organizational resistance to change. Conclusions: There is a contrast between the established role of nursing informaticians internationally and its absence in Spain. The lack of a formal framework and specific training programs is the primary barrier. Implementing validated competencies and tailored educational strategies is crucial for Spain to advance its digital health transformation and empower nursing leadership in technology.

Indexed as

Nursing InformaticsDigital HealthHumansLeadershipSpaincompetency-based educationdigital healthenfermeras especialistas en sistemas de informaciónnursing informaticiansnursing informatics

Identifiers

PMID42044327
PMCPMC13119383

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.