ArticlePloS one2026
Effects of transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation and transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation: A protocol for a randomized, single-blind, crossover trial.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06339632 (Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Phrenic Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Phrenic Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation: a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of developing respiratory muscle weakness, which may lead to prolonged mechanical ventilation and worsening clinical outcomes. Noninvasive neuromuscular electrical stimulation techniques, such as transcutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (TEPNS) and transcutaneous diaphragmatic electrical stimulation (TDES), offer potential therapeutic options for patients unable to generate voluntary active contractions. However, there is limited research directly comparing the effects of these modalities on diaphragmatic function. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of TEPNS and TDES on diaphragmatic function in healthy adults. Secondary objectives include assessing the safety, feasibility, and perceived discomfort associated with the application of each technique.
methodsThis study will be a bicentric, randomized, single-blind, crossover trial that will be conducted at two hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. Healthy adults aged 18-60, with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2, no history of respiratory diseases, and no contraindications for the proposed electrical stimulation modalities will be included. Diaphragm thickness, thickening fraction, and mobility will be assessed using ultrasound during tidal breathing. Participants will be randomly assigned to begin the intervention with one of two experimental conditions: (1) TEPNS protocol or (2) TDES protocol. In addition, data on the safety and feasibility of each electrical stimulation modalities will also be collected.
trial registrationThis protocol is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT06339632.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.