ArticlePloS one2026
Dietary phytochemical index is associated with systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in individuals with obesity: A cross-sectional study.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Whole wheat bread improves postprandial glucose tolerance in adults with prediabetes: a controlled-feeding randomized crossover trial with microbiome-associated variation in response.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary phytochemical index and biomarker profiles are associated with colorectal cancer odds: integrating dietary intake with blood biomarkers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundObesity is linked to chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, partly via TMAO. This study investigates associations between dietary patterns, as indexed by the Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI), with insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and TMAO.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 600 adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) without diagnosed comorbidities were evaluated. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 110-item FFQ, and the DPI was computed. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid profile, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, LBP, adiponectin, and TMAO. Multivariable regression and mediation analyses were performed.
resultsParticipants in the highest DPI quartile exhibited lower mean BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass compared to those in the lowest quartile. They also had lower fasting plasma glucose (4.52 ± 0.06 mmol/L vs. 5.92 ± 0.24 mmol/L; P < 0.001), lower insulin concentrations (65.6 ± 2.4 pmol/L vs. 120.4 ± 18.0 pmol/L; P < 0.001), and lower HOMA-IR values (1.90 ± 0.09 vs. 4.59 ± 0.82; P < 0.001). Higher DPI was associated with lower concentrations of CRP, TNF-α, and TMAO, and higher concentrations of adiponectin and HDL-C (all P < 0.001).
conclusionsHigher DPI was associated with lower systemic inflammation and better insulin sensitivity. These findings highlight the potential role of phytochemical-rich diets in supporting insulin resistance and metabolic disturbances among obese adults; however, prospective randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these associations and establish causality.
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