Socioeconomic Differences in Cognitive Ability Across Childhood and Adolescence: An Investigation of Genetic, Individual, and Environmental Factors.

Lena Paulus, Charlotte K L Dißelkamp, Andreas J Forstner, Frank M Spinath

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Intelligence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lena PaulusDepartment of Individual Differences & Psychodiagnostics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

Charlotte K L DißelkampInstitute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, School of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.

Andreas J ForstnerInstitute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, School of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.

Frank M SpinathDepartment of Individual Differences & Psychodiagnostics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 220286500Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 428902522Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 458609264

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The level and development of cognitive ability are associated with parental socioeconomic status (SES). Some of these cognitive differences are presumably due to individual differences in genetic predispositions, but the potential mechanisms and influencing factors are still relatively unclear. Previous research has identified factors that show a relation with both cognitive abilities and SES (e.g., parental cognitive ability, home environment, and polygenic scores). Regarding these factors, we analysed three age cohorts (

Indexed as

cognitive abilityintelligence developmentparental cognitive abilitypolygenic scoresocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID42042243

DOI10.3390/jintelligence14040063

PMCPMC13118255

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.