Core-Shell Polyaniline-Carbon Nanotube Electrodes with Engineered Interfaces for High-Performance Ionic Polymer-Gel Composite Actuators.

Jintao Zhao, Yang Cao, Zhenjie Zhang, Dongyu Yang, Mingchuan Jia

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jintao ZhaoWeihai Campus, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Weihai 264300, China.

Yang CaoSchool of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.ORCID 0009-0000-0623-157X

Zhenjie ZhangWeihai Campus, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Weihai 264300, China.

Dongyu YangWeihai Campus, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Weihai 264300, China.

Mingchuan JiaWeihai Campus, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Weihai 264300, China.

Funding

the Excellent Young Teachers Basic Research Support Program of Heilongjiang Province YQJH2023257

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ionic polymer-metal composites consist of an ion-conducting polymer-gel membrane sandwiched between two flexible electrodes, representing a class of soft electroactive materials capable of large deformation under low voltage. The gel membrane, swollen with solvent, facilitates ion migration under an electric field, enabling actuation. Tailoring the interfacial architecture between the electrode and the polymer-gel membrane is pivotal for advancing high-performance IPMC actuators. This study presents a comparative investigation of three core-shell nanocomposite electrodes, fabricated via in situ polymerization, for IPMC applications. Among these, the polyaniline-coated multi-walled carbon nanotube composite exhibits a deliberately designed hierarchical structure, with a specific surface area of 32.345 m

Indexed as

actuatorsgel membraneinterfacial engineeringmulti-walled carbon nanotubesnafionpolyanilinesmart materials

Identifiers

PMID42042109

DOI10.3390/gels12040270

PMCPMC13116620

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.