Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42042079›Full record

ReviewCurrent issues in molecular biology2026

Challenges and Limitations in Molecular Testing of Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Specimens.

Nikolaos Korodimos, Ioannis Tomos, Periklis Foukas, Konstantinos Kontzoglou, Anna Koumarianou, Ilias Santaitidis, Konstantinos Kostopanagiotou, Sofoklis Mitsos, Anastasios Moisiadis, Periklis Tomos

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current issues in molecular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nikolaos KorodimosUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0009-0001-3102-1555
Ioannis TomosPulmonary Department, "Sotiria" Athens Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-9978-4823
Periklis FoukasUniversity Laboratory of Histopathology, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6053-7841
Konstantinos KontzoglouUniversity Surgical Clinic, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
Anna KoumarianouUniversity Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-4159-2511
Ilias SantaitidisUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.
Konstantinos KostopanagiotouUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-7460-5617
Sofoklis MitsosUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0606-7287
Anastasios MoisiadisUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.
Periklis TomosUniversity Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Attikon University General Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for nearly 85% of lung cancer cases and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Advances in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies have transformed treatment paradigms, yet the integration of molecular testing into routine care for resected NSCLC specimens continues to face significant challenges. This review outlines the technical, clinical, and systemic barriers that limit the effectiveness of molecular testing. Key considerations include tissue quality, the limitations of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, and the comparative roles of conventional methods-such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-versus next-generation sequencing (NGS). We also discuss the prevalence and clinical relevance of common genomic alterations, including TP53, KRAS, EGFR, and ALK, as well as their impact on prognosis and treatment selection. Real-world obstacles such as accessibility, reimbursement, delays in testing, interdisciplinary coordination, and sample adequacy are critically examined. Emerging innovations-including multi-omics integration, spatial profiling, liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence, and novel targeted therapies-offer opportunities to overcome current limitations and improve patient outcomes. Finally, practical recommendations are proposed to optimize tissue handling, testing algorithms, and access to precision-guided therapies. By addressing these challenges, molecular testing in NSCLC can be more effectively leveraged to personalize treatment strategies and enhance survival outcomes.

Indexed as

fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)immunohistochemistry (IHC)liquid biopsymolecular testingmulti-omicsnext-generation sequencing (NGS)non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)precision oncologytargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID42042079
PMCPMC13115249

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.