Biomimetic Mechanism Transfer in Interior Environmental Comfort: A Systematic Mapping and Evidence-Stratified Framework.

Biomimetic strategies have increasingly informed adaptive environmental systems; however, biomimetic mechanism transfer into interior environmental comfort remains unevenly operationalized and weakly evidence-stratified. Despite rapid post-2020 expansion of nature-inspired strategies, cross-domain translation across thermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), visual comfort, and acoustic performance remains fragmented. This study addresses this gap by systematically mapping biomimetic mechanism transfer pathways within interior environmental systems, using biophilic strategies as a comparative baseline. A systematic mapping review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines to examine biomimetic mechanism transfer across interior environmental comfort domains. Studies were coded according to comfort domain, intervention scale, evidence type, and empirical strength. Results indicate three recurrent imbalances in the screened corpus: biophilic strategies dominate the literature (71.8%), intervention activity is concentrated at system scale and within multi-domain configurations, and acoustic bio-inspired optimisation is absent as a primary research domain. At the same time, the evidence base remains weakly stratified: only 10.3% of studies report statistically validated empirical findings, whereas 50.0% remain review-based or concept-led. To address these imbalances, the study proposes the Biomimetic Mechanism Transfer Mapping Framework (CPMF), a six-layer model linking biological logic, physical process activation, measurable IEQ outputs, empirical robustness, and implementation feasibility. The framework advances biomimetics by structuring mechanism translation into operational interior environmental performance systems.