ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026
Effects of essential metals (iron, zinc, and copper) on thyroid diseases - a narrative review.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Occurrence and Thermal-Activation-Induced Variations of Metal Elements (Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, Mo) in Commercially Available Self-Heating Meals.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- The Thyroid Under Pressure: Heavy Metals, Endocrine Disruptors and Translational Insights into Carcinogenesis and Thyroid Dysfunctions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine organ in the human body, and alterations in its homeostasis may lead to the development of thyroid diseases. The role of essential metals such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases has been widely discussed, but the research results are inconsistent. In addition, the therapeutic role of these essential metal elements in patients with thyroid diseases has been significantly underestimated in the clinical practice. A disturbance in the balance of these essential metals will affect thyroid homeostasis in a variety of ways. This article synthesizes current evidence on the effects of essential metal elements (Fe, Zn, and Cu) on a variety of thyroid diseases, such as hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and thyroid cancer. It will provide essential metal element-related clues for the development of therapeutic strategies and pathophysiologic studies of thyroid diseases.
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Registered trials
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