ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026
Perioperative immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and biomarker-guided strategies.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains difficult to cure after resection or ablation, with high recurrence rates. Perioperative immunotherapy has rapidly evolved, but recent late-phase readouts highlight that benefit is not universal. In IMbrave050, adjuvant atezolizumab plus bevacizumab initially improved recurrence-free survival (RFS), yet longer follow-up suggests attenuation of effect, influencing guideline recommendations. By contrast, adjuvant single-agent checkpoint inhibitor programs have not shown consistent benefit, although selected high-risk subgroups [e.g., microvascular invasion (MVI)] may derive benefit from adjuvant PD-1 blockade in phase II data. Perioperative combinations are emerging, including camrelizumab plus rivoceranib with improved event-free survival, and locoregional-immunotherapy strategies such as transarterial chemoembolization combined with immunotherapy-antiangiogenic regimens. Biomarker-driven selection, circulating tumor DNA for minimal residual disease, resistance-associated alterations (e.g., CTNNB1), and etiology-linked immune phenotypes, will be central to optimizing patient selection and treatment sequencing.
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