Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42040549›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Case Report: Pulmonary tuberculosis with pneumocystis jirovecii colonization in a non-HIV patient: a cautionary tale on interpreting mNGS results.

Qikai Chen, Zheng Yang, Danhong Ren, Chunhua Bao, Yi Zhao, Zhanli Shi

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qikai ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zheng YangDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Danhong RenDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Chunhua BaoDepartment of Radiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yi ZhaoDepartment of Pathology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhanli ShiThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment process of this case highlights that mNGS, as a powerful pathogen detection tool, provides a rapid method for the early detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii. However, mNGS testing of lavage specimens alone cannot distinguish between colonization and infection by the pathogen, particularly when a high number of sequences are present. Clinicians should therefore interpret laboratory results with caution to avoid unnecessary treatment that may cause adverse effects to the patient. CT scans offer strong evidence for differentiating between Pneumocystis jirovecii infection and/or

Indexed as

case reportdiagnosismetagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS)Mycobacterium tuberculosispathogenspneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Identifiers

PMID42040549
PMCPMC13102560

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.