Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42040344›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2026

A novel phase-difference transcranial alternating current stimulation system enables precise dual-site neuromodulation.

Ruiren Wu, Ying Feng, Jiali Wu, Jingjing Zhang, Wei Feng, Cong Wang, Chunlei Shan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ruiren Wu *School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ying Feng *Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jiali WuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jingjing ZhangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Wei FengSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Cong WangHongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chunlei ShanHongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise modulation of large-scale brain networks requires neuromodulation technologies capable of delivering frequency-locked stimulation with accurate and stable inter-regional phase control. However, conventional transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) systems generally lack robust dual-channel phase regulation and are rarely validated under realistic biological impedance conditions. Here, we present a novel phase-difference tACS system (PD-stim) designed to deliver programmable, high-precision phase offsets between stimulation targets. We performed a comprehensive engineering and

Indexed as

amplitude stabilitymultiple brain regionsphase-difference stimulationrehabilitation engineeringtranscranial alternating current stimulation

Identifiers

PMID42040344
PMCPMC13106356

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.